Transportation

1. پاس

   Pas

   Bus

   Usage

   City or intercity bus; کام پاس is 'which bus'

   Grammar Note

   A loan from English 'bus'. 'By bus' is بە پاس.

2. تەکسی

   Teksî

   Taxi

   Usage

   Taxi; agree on the fare before you get in

   Grammar Note

   Both تەکسی and تاکسی are written; this book uses تەکسی.

3. شەمەندەفەر

   Şemendefer

   Train

   Usage

   Railway train; بە شەمەندەفەر is 'by train'

   Grammar Note

   ش is ş and ە is short e. It is written as one long word.

4. فڕۆکە

   Fṟoke

   Airplane

   Usage

   Airplane; بلیتی فڕۆکە is 'plane ticket'

   Grammar Note

   Derived from فڕین 'to fly'. ڕ is ṟ.

5. ئۆتۆمبێل

   Otombêl

   Car

   Usage

   A car; also spelled ئۆتۆمۆبیل. Covers taxis and hired cars

   Grammar Note

   'By car' is بە ئۆتۆمبێل. ۆ is o and ێ is ê.

6. بەنزیکەیی کرێی تەکسییەک لێرە چەند دەبێت؟

   Benizîkeyî kirê-î teksîyek lêre çend debêt?

   About how much is a taxi from here?

   Usage

   Asks the rough fare before taking a taxi

   Grammar Note

   چەند دەبێت 'how much will it be' asks for an estimate. کرێ means fare or rent.

7. کام پاس بگرم بۆ ئەوەی بگەمە ناوەندی شار؟

   Kam pas bigirim bo ewey bigeme nawend-î şar?

   Which bus do I take to get downtown?

   Usage

   Asks which route goes where you want to go, at a bus stop

   Grammar Note

   گرتن 'to take' is also used for taking a vehicle. بۆ ئەوەی + subjunctive means 'in order to'. ناوەندی شار is 'city center'.

8. فڕۆکەخانەکە لەکوێیە؟

   Fṟokexaneke lekwêye?

   Where is the airport?

   Usage

   Asks where the airport is

   Grammar Note

   'Where is X' = noun + لەکوێیە؟. -eke is the definite suffix. Composed from attested words and patterns rather than quoted from a source sentence; worth confirming with a native speaker.

9. تکایە بمبەن بۆ فڕۆکەخانە

   Tikaye bimiben bo fṟokexane

   Please take me to the airport

   Usage

   A polite way to give a taxi driver your destination

   Grammar Note

   The object clitic -m goes after the imperative prefix b- (b + m + ben). To one person: بمبە.

10. نزیکترین وێستگەی پاس لەکوێیە؟

    Nizîktirîn wêstge-î pas lekwêye?

    Where is the nearest bus stop?

    Usage

    Asks for the closest bus stop

    Grammar Note

    Adjective + -ترین means 'most …' and goes before the noun.

11. دەتوانیت ڕێی وێستگەی شەمەندەفەرم پیشان بدەیت؟

    Detwanît ṟê-î wêstge-î şemendeferim pîşan bideyt?

    Could you show me the way to the train station?

    Usage

    A courteous way to ask the way of one person; for politeness use دەتوانن … پیشان بدەن؟

    Grammar Note

    پیشان دان 'to show' is a compound verb. The 'to me' clitic -m attaches to the preceding word (شەمەندەفەر).

12. فڕۆکەکە کاتژمێر چەند هەڵدەستێت؟

    Fṟokeke katjimêr çend hełdestêt?

    What time does the flight take off?

    Usage

    Checks the flight time

    Grammar Note

    کاتژمێر چەند means 'at what time'. هەڵستان 'to get up' is also used for a plane taking off.

13. هەولێر چەند دوورە؟

    Hewlêr çend dûre?

    How far is Erbil?

    Usage

    Asks the distance to a destination; swap in any place name

    Grammar Note

    چەند + adjective means 'how …?', as in ئەنقەرە چەند دوورە؟ 'how far is Ankara?'. Composed from attested words and patterns rather than quoted from a source sentence; worth confirming with a native speaker.

14. من بلیت دەکڕم

    Min bilît dekiṟim

    I'll buy tickets

    Usage

    Tells the ticket seller you want to buy tickets

    Grammar Note

    A noun stays singular after a number (دوو بلیت). ڕ is ṟ.

15. دوایین پاس لە سی خولەکی تر دەڕوات

    Dwayîn pas le sî xulek-î tir deṟwat

    The last bus leaves in thirty minutes

    Usage

    A sample sentence for the last bus, also a model for stating times

    Grammar Note

    سی خولەک is 'thirty minutes'. The noun stays singular after the number; …ی تر means 'more / further'.

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